Persistent ductus arteriosus
Persistent/Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) connects aorta with main pulmonary artery (MPA) (or left pulmonary artery – LPA) and during fetal life serves as important right-left shunt => mixed …
Arrhythmia
Predominant heart rhythm in healthy newborns is sinus rhythm (variant respiratory arrhythmia). Heart rate (HR) can vary 70-190 beats per minute: depends on gestational age => the lower the …
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborns (PPHN) is characterized by postnatally persistent vasoconstriction of the pulmonary arteries, causing increased pulmonary arterial resistance. As a consequence, right-left shunting (extra-pulmonary shunts) …
Congenital heart defects
Critical congenital heart defects (CCHD) present during the neonatal period with cyanosis and/or cardiac failure depending on the particular defect and its severity. The incidence of the CCHD is approximately 1-3 : …
Chylothorax
Lymph is generated in the interstitium and carried in lymphatic vessels in a unidirectional flow, joining the venous system near the junction of the left internal …
